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The verb system

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14.2Core

Advanced: 20 words

Twenty words to use carefully, and only where they fit. One correct advanced word raises a score; three wrong ones lower it.

ambiguous

adjective

say it like am-BIG-yoo-us

مبہم، دو معنی رکھنے والا
unclearvagueopen to two meanings
  1. His answer was ambiguous, so the officer asked again.
  2. Avoid ambiguous wording in your personal statement.
  3. The instructions were ambiguous and half the class did the wrong task.

articulate

adjective / verb

say it like ahr-TIK-yuh-lut

بات صاف اور واضح انداز میں کہنے والا
well-spokeneloquentexpress clearly
  1. She is an articulate speaker who never loses the listener.
  2. He struggled to articulate why he had chosen that university.
  3. Examiners reward articulate answers, not long ones.

coherent

adjective

say it like koh-HEER-unt

مربوط، سلسلہ وار
logicalwell-organisedconsistent
  1. A coherent essay moves smoothly from one idea to the next.
  2. His argument was coherent and easy to follow.
  3. Use linking words to keep your paragraph coherent.

comprehensive

adjective

say it like kom-pri-HEN-siv

جامع، مکمل
thoroughcompleteall-inclusive
  1. The course offers comprehensive coverage of all four skills.
  2. She wrote a comprehensive report on the visa rules.
  3. We need a comprehensive list of the documents required.

contemplate

verb

say it like KON-tum-playt

گہرا غور کرنا
consider deeplyponderreflect on
  1. He is contemplating a move to Australia next year.
  2. She sat quietly and contemplated the consequences.
  3. Contemplate the question for a moment before you answer.

deteriorate

verb

say it like di-TEER-ee-uh-rayt

خراب ہونا، بگڑنا
worsendeclinebreak down
  1. His health deteriorated after the long flight.
  2. The relationship between the two departments deteriorated.
  3. If you stop practising, your fluency will deteriorate quickly.

discrepancy

noun

say it like dis-KREP-un-see

فرق، عدم مطابقت
differenceinconsistencymismatch
  1. The officer noticed a discrepancy between the form and the bank statement.
  2. There is a discrepancy in the dates on your certificates.
  3. Explain any discrepancy before it becomes a problem.

exacerbate

verb

say it like ig-ZAS-ur-bayt

مزید بگاڑنا، شدت دینا
worsenaggravateintensify
  1. Skipping revision will only exacerbate the problem.
  2. The delay exacerbated an already difficult situation.
  3. Loud noise exacerbates a headache.

feasible

adjective

say it like FEE-zuh-bul

قابلِ عمل
possiblepracticalworkable
  1. Is it feasible to finish the course in six weeks?
  2. The plan is ambitious but feasible.
  3. Studying full time and working full time is rarely feasible.

inevitable

adjective

say it like in-EV-i-tuh-bul

ناگزیر
unavoidablecertainbound to happen
  1. Some nervousness before an interview is inevitable.
  2. With no preparation, failure was inevitable.
  3. Change is inevitable when a new government takes office.

meticulous

adjective

say it like muh-TIK-yuh-lus

باریک بین، ہر تفصیل کا خیال رکھنے والا
very carefulthoroughprecise
  1. She is meticulous about checking every document twice.
  2. The file was prepared with meticulous attention to detail.
  3. Meticulous planning saved us from missing the deadline.

mitigate

verb

say it like MIT-i-gayt

شدت کم کرنا
reduceeaselessen
  1. Regular mock tests mitigate exam anxiety.
  2. The university offered a scholarship to mitigate the cost.
  3. Nothing can fully mitigate the effect of poor grammar on your score.

nuance

noun

say it like NYOO-ahns

باریک فرق
subtle differenceshade of meaningfine distinction
  1. There is a nuance between 'confident' and 'arrogant'.
  2. A good translator understands the nuance of every word.
  3. Native speakers hear a nuance that learners often miss.

obsolete

adjective

say it like OB-suh-leet

فرسودہ، متروک
outdatedno longer usedold-fashioned
  1. That software is obsolete and no longer supported.
  2. Learning long word lists without context is an obsolete method.
  3. The old visa form became obsolete in January.

plausible

adjective

say it like PLAW-zuh-bul

بظاہر قابلِ یقین
believablecrediblereasonable
  1. He gave a plausible explanation for the study gap.
  2. Your reason must be plausible and supported by documents.
  3. It sounds plausible, but we still need proof.

pragmatic

adjective

say it like prag-MAT-ik

عملی، حقیقت پسند
practicalrealisticsensible
  1. Take a pragmatic view: choose a university you can afford.
  2. She is pragmatic rather than emotional about money.
  3. A pragmatic solution is better than a perfect plan you cannot follow.

prevalent

adjective

say it like PREV-uh-lunt

عام، رائج
widespreadcommondominant
  1. This spelling mistake is prevalent among new learners.
  2. Mobile banking is now prevalent across the country.
  3. The belief that grammar does not matter is prevalent and wrong.

resilient

adjective

say it like ri-ZIL-ee-unt

مشکلات سہہ کر سنبھل جانے والا
toughadaptablequick to recover
  1. A resilient student treats a low score as information, not defeat.
  2. The economy proved more resilient than expected.
  3. Living abroad alone makes you resilient.

scrutinise

verb

say it like SKROO-ti-nyz

باریکی سے جانچنا
examine closelyinspectstudy carefully
  1. The visa officer will scrutinise every page of your file.
  2. Scrutinise your essay for tense errors before you submit it.
  3. The committee scrutinised the accounts for three days.

ubiquitous

adjective

say it like yoo-BIK-wi-tus

ہر جگہ موجود
everywherefound all arounduniversal
  1. Smartphones are ubiquitous, so use one for listening practice.
  2. English is ubiquitous in international business.
  3. Street food is ubiquitous in Lahore.

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